Synthetic oil-based washing composition and method of use

ABSTRACT

The subject of the present invention is compositions for washing keratinous materials, in particular the hair and/or the skin, containing in an aqueous medium: 
     A) at least one synthetic oil chosen from: 
     the isoparaffins of the formula: ##STR1## where n is between 2 and 16 inclusive; B) an agent for suspending the oil defined under A), chosen from: 
     (i) the compounds of formula: 
     
         R--X                                                       (III) 
    
     in which: 
     R is a long carbon chain aliphatic radical, optionally interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms, and X is a carboxylic, sulphuric or phosphoric acid residue or a radical derived from a carboxylic acid or an amide; 
     (ii) amine oxides; 
     (iii) biopolysaccharides; 
     C) a surface-active agent possessing detergent properties.

This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 08/176,693,filed Jan. 3, 1994, abandoned, which is a continuation of applicationSer. No. 07/836,727, filed Feb. 19, 1992, abandoned.

The invention relates to compositions for washing and conditioningkeratinous materials, in particular the hair and/or the skin, andcontaining, in an aqueous medium, at least one synthetic oil in thepresence of agents for suspending this oil and detergent surface-activeagents, and to the methods of washing using these compositions.

Compositions for washing keratinous materials, in particular shampoos,are well known in the state of the art.

It has already been proposed to use oils in such compositions, inparticular in the treatment of dry hair for the purpose of conferringsoftness and sheen thereto.

Because of the insoluble nature of these synthetic oils in the aqueousmedia generally used in washing compositions such as shampoos, it issought to maintain these oils in a dispersed form while preserving thedetergent and foaming properties of the composition without causing adrop in the viscosity. These compositions must also confer on the hairthe desired qualities of softness, sheen and disentanglement.

The applicant has discovered, surprisingly, that it is possible toprepare washing compositions which are particularly stable with time andpossessing good detergent properties while conferring on the hair sheen,softness, ease of combing without a sticky feel, by using in thesecompositions, in addition to the detergent surface-active agents,specific agents for suspending these synthetic oils.

In addition, it has been observed that these compositions do not possessthe disadvantage of making the hair lank when they are used repeatedly.

The compositions conforming to the invention possess, moreover, theadvantage of being capable of being prepared without difficulty by meansof conventionally used methods and materials.

The subject of the invention is therefore a washing compositioncontaining at least one synthetic oil, at least one agent for suspendingthis oil and at least one detergent surface-active agent.

Another subject of the invention consists in the use of the suspendingagents defined below as agents for suspending synthetic oils in anaqueous medium containing detergent surface-active agents.

The subject of the invention is also a method of washing using thecompositions defined above.

Other subjects of the invention will emerge from reading the followingdescription and examples.

The washing compositions conforming to the invention contain in anaqueous medium:

(A) at least one synthetic oil chosen from:

(i) the isoparaffins of structure: ##STR2## where n is between 2 and 16inclusive; (ii) a mixture of the isoparaffins of formula (I) withisoparaffins of formula (II): ##STR3## where m is not less than 18, andpreferably is between 18 and 40;

the capillary viscosity of the oils defined above being less than 500cP.s;

(B) an agent for suspending the oil, chosen from the compounds offormula:

    a) RX                                                      (III)

in which R is a long carbon chain aliphatic radical optionallyinterrupted by one or more oxygen atoms, and X is a carboxylic,sulphuric or phosphoric acid radical or a radical derived from acarboxylic acid or an amide; these compounds of formula (III) are chosenfrom those in which:

(i) R is a C₁₁ -C₂₁ alkyl or alkenyl radical; and X is

a COOA group where A is a mono- or polyhydroxyalkyl radical derived froma C₂ -C₃ polyol or a radical CH₂ CH₂ SO₃ M;

a group CO(OCH₂ CH₂)kOR where k has a value of between 2 and 150;

a group ##STR4## where k has a value of between 2 and 150, it beingpossible for the free OH functional groups of the groups defined aboveto be esterified by an acid RCOOH where R is a C₁₁ -C₁₂, alkyl oralkenyl;

a group CONR₁ R₂ where R₁ and R₂ represent hydrogen or C₁ -C₄hydroxyalkyl, at least one representing C₁ -C₄ hydroxyalkyl;

a group OSO₃ M or 1/3 PO₄ ³⁻ M₃ where M represents an alkali metal,ammonium or a C₁ -C₄ alkanolamine residue;

(ii) R denotes a radical R₃ O(C₂ H₄ O)CH₂ and X denotes a group COOMwhere M has the meaning given above, R₃ denoting a C₁₂ -C₁₄ alkylradical and 1 an integer or a decimal between 2.5 and 10, oralternatively R₃ denotes oleyl and l ranges from 2 to 9 or alternativelyR₃ denotes (C₈ -C₉ alkyl)phenyl and l ranges from 4 to 8, or thederivatives in which R₃ denotes a C₁₂ -C₁₆ alkyl group and X a groupCONR₁ R₂, in which R₁ and R₂ have the same meaning as that given aboveand l has a value of 1 to 3 inclusive;

b) amine oxides of formula: ##STR5## in which R₄ denotes a C₁₅ -C₂₂alkyl group, and R₅ and R₆, which are identical or different, representa C₁ -C₄ alkyl or C₁ -C₄ hydroxyalkyl group;

c) the biopolysaccharides chosen from xanthan gums and scleroglucans;

(C) and a detergent surface-active agent.

Among the synthetic oils of the formula (I) defined above, there may bementioned those in which n is equal to 2, 3, 4 or 16, and in particularthe products sold under the names PERMETHYL 99A, 101A, 102A or 104A byPRESPERSE INC or the product ARLAMOL HD sold by ICI, of the formula (I)in which n is equal to 3.

Among the synthetic oils of formula (II), there may be mentioned theproduct sold under the commercial name PERMETHYL 106A, of the formula(II) in which m is equal to 38.

Among the preferred suspending agents of formula RX, there may bementioned:

the esters of C₁₂ -C₂₂ fatty acids and C₂ -C₃ polyols such as ethyleneglycol, propylene glycol or glycerol myristates, palmitates andstearates, and more particularly ethylene glycol monostearate ordistearate, or glycerol mono- or distearate or tristearate;

the alkanolamides of C₁₂ -C₂₂ fatty acids, and more particularly copraor stearic diethanolamide, copra or stearic monoethanolamide, or copraor stearic monoisopropanolamide;

alkanolamides alkyl ethers such as (C₁₃ -C₁₅alkyl)oxydiethoxymethylmonoethanolamide such as for example the productsold under the name AMINOL A15 by CHEM'Y;

polyoxyethylenated C₁₆ -C₂₂ fatty acids such as polyethylene glycolstearates containing between 4 and 150 ethoxy units;

polyoxyethylenated and esterified esters of C₁₆ -C₂₂ fatty acids andpropylene glycol, which may contain between 4 and 100 ethoxy units;

polyoxyethylenated ether carboxylic acids of the formula R₃ O(C₂ H₄ O)₁CH₂ COOM (IV), and among these the products sold under the names AKYPORLM 38, 25, 45 and 100, for which R₃ represents respectively a C₁₂ -C₁₄alkyl chain and l denotes 3.8; 2.5; 4.5 and 10 respectively; the productAKYPO RO 50 for which R₃ denotes an oleyl radical and l is equal to 5;mixtures of these compounds, and more particularly a mixture of theproducts AKYPO RO 20 and RO 90 for which R₃ denotes oleyl and l is equalto 2 and 9 respectively; or alternatively the mixture of the productsAKYPO NP 40 and NP 70 in which R₃ denotes nonylphenyl and l is equal to4 and 7; or alternatively the products AKYPO OP 40 and OP 80, in whichR₃ represents octylphenyl and l is equal to 4 and 8, the products AKYPObeing sold by CHEM'Y.

The amine oxides are for example C₁₆ -C₂₂ alkyl dimethylamine oxides,such as stearyl dimethylamine oxide.

The biopolysaccharides used are products containing glucose, mannose,glucuronic or galacturonic acid, or D-glucopyranose units in theirstructure.

Xanthan gum, obtained by the action of the bacterium XANTHOMONASCAMPESTRI and its mutants or variants, having a molecular weight ofbetween 1,000,000 and 50,000,000, may be mentioned among thesecompounds. Xanthan gums have a viscosity of between 0.60 and 1.65 Pa.sfor an aqueous composition containing 1% of xanthan gum, measured in aBrookfield type LVT viscosimeter at 60 revolutions/minute. These gums,which are heterobiopolysaccharides, contain in their structure 3different monosaccharides which are mannose, glucose and glucuronicacid. The products particularly preferred are those marketed under thename "KELTROL" by KELCO, KELZAN S marketed by KELCO, RHODOPOL 23 SCmarketed by RHONE-POULENC, RHODIGEL 23 sold by RHONE-POULENC, DEUTERONXG marketed by SCHOENER GmbH, ACTIGUM CX9 marketed by CECA/SATIA, theproducts sold by KELCO under the names "KELZAN K3 B130, K8 B12".

Other biopolysaccharides which may be used in accordance with theinvention may be chosen from the biopolymer PS 87 produced by thebacterium BACILLUS POLYMYXA which contains in its structure glucose,galactose, mannose, fucose and glucuronic acid; this PS 87 biopolymer isdescribed in the published European Patent Application No. 23397; thebiopolymer S88 produced by the strain PSEUDOMONAS ATCC 31554, whichcontains in its structure rhamnose, glucose, mannose and glucuronicacid; this biopolymer is described in British Patent No. 2,058,106; thebiopolymer S130 produced by the strain ALCALIGENES ATCC 31555, whichcontains in its molecule rhamnose, glucose, mannose and glucuronic acid,this biopolymer is described in British Patent No. 2,058,107; thebiopolymer S139 produced by the strain PSEUDOMONAS ATCC 31644, whichcontains in its molecule rhamnose, glucose, mannose, galactose andgalacturonic acid; this biopolymer is described in particular in U.S.Pat. No. 4,454,316; the biopolymer S198 produced by the strainALCALIGENES ATCC 31853, which contains in its molecule rhamnose,glucose, mannose and glucuronic acid; this biopolymer is described inEuropean Patent Application 64 354.

The biopolymer BM07 described in European Application EP 351 303,containing in its molecule units derived from glucose, galactose andpyruvic, succinic and acetic acids.

The biopolymer AM-2 which contains in its molecule glucose, rhamnose,mannose and glucuronic acid, described in European Application 127 698or those described in European Application 79038 containing in theirmolecules glucose, galactose, mannose and glucuronic acid.

The scleroglucans used in accordance with the invention are neutralpolysaccharides of microbial origin, obtained by aerobic fermentation ofa glucose-containing medium, by a Sclerotium-type fungus and possessingthe structure of a D-glucopyranose homopolymer.

The scleroglucans are these of the formula: ##STR6## where n (degree ofpolymerisation) ranges from 500 to 1600.

The scleroglucans used in accordance with the invention are representedby the products sold under the name ACTIGUM CS by SANOFI BIO INDUSTRIESand in particular ACTIGUM CS 11, and under the name AMIGEL by ALBANMULLER INTERNATIONAL. Other scleroglucans such as that treated withglyoxal and described in Patent Application FR 2,633,940 may also beused.

The surface-active agents used in the washing compositions conforming tothe invention are chosen from anionic, amphoteric, zwitterionic ornonionic surface-active agents or mixtures thereof, having detergentproperties.

Among the anionic surface-active agents, there may be mentioned thealkali metal salts, the ammonium salts, the amine salts, theaminoalcohol salts or the magnesium salts of the following compounds:alkyl ether sulphates, alkyl amidoether sulphates, alkyl aryl polyethersulphates, monoglyceride sulphates; alkyl sulphonates, alkyl amidesulphonates, alkyl aryl sulphonates, olefin sulphonates, paraffinsulphonates; alkyl sulphosuccinates, alkyl ether sulphosuccinates, alkylamide sulphosuccinates; alkyl sulphosuccinamates; alkyl sulphoacetates;alkyl ether phosphates; acyl sarcosinates, and N-acyltaurates, the alkylor acyl radical of these various compounds being composed of a carbonchain containing 12 to 20 carbon atoms.

Alkyl sulphates and alkyl phosphates whose alkyl radical contains 12 to14 carbon atoms.

Among the anionic surface-active agents, fatty acid salts such as thesalts of oleic, ricinoleic, palmitic or stearic acids; copra oil orhydrogenated copra oil acids; or acyl lactylates, whose acyl radicalcontains 8 to 20 carbon atoms, may also be mentioned.

Weakly anionic surface-active agents such as polyoxyalkylenatedcarboxylic ether acids, in particular those containing 2 to 50 ethyleneoxide groups, may also be used.

The nonionic surface-active agents are chosen from polyethoxylated,polypropoxylated or polyglycerolated alcohols or α-diols or alkylphenolsor fatty acids, with a fatty chain containing 8 to 18 carbon atoms, thenumber of ethylene oxide or propylene oxide groups being between 2 and50 and the number of glycerol groups being between 2 and 30.

Copolymers of ethylene and propylene oxides; condensates of ethylene andpropylene oxides with fatty alcohols; polyethoxylated fatty amideshaving preferably 2 to 30 mol of ethylene oxide; polyglycerolated fattyamides containing 1 to 5 glycerol groups and in particular 1.5 to 4;polyethoxylated fatty amines having preferably 2 to 30 mol of ethyleneoxide; oxyethylenated sorbitan fatty acid esters having 2 to 30 mol ofethylene oxide; sucrose fatty acid esters, polyethylene glycol fattyacid esters, (C₈ -C₁₈ alkyl)polyglycosides, amine oxides such as (C₁₀-C₁₄ alkyl)amine oxides or N-acylamidopropylmorpholine, may also bementioned.

The preferred amphoteric or zwitterionic surface-active agents are thealiphatic secondary or tertiary amine derivatives in which the aliphaticradical is a linear or branched chain containing 8 to 18 carbon atomsand which contains at least one anionic water-solubilising carboxylate,sulphonate, sulphate, phosphate or phosphonate group; (C₈ -C₂₀alkyl)betaines, sulphobetaines, (C₈ -C₂₀ alkyl)amido(C₁ -C₆alkyl)betaines or (C₈ -C₂₀ alkyl)amido(C₁ -C₆ alkyl)sulphobetaines.

Among the amine derivatives, there may be mentioned the products soldunder the name MIRANOL, as described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,528,378 and2,781,354 and classified in the CTFA dictionary, 3rd edition, 1982,under the name amphocarboxyglycinates and amphocarboxypropionates.

The oils are used in the compositions conforming to the invention inproportions preferably of between 0.05 and 20%, and preferably between0.1 and 1.0% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

The suspending agents defined in (b) used in accordance with theinvention are present in proportions sufficient to ensure the suspensionof the synthetic oils in the compositions and preferably in proportionsof between 0.1 and 20% by weight relative to the total weight of thecomposition, and in particular between 0.5 and 10%.

The surface-active agents are used in the compositions conforming to theinvention in proportions sufficient to confer a detergent character onthe composition and are preferably between 5 and 50% by weight relativeto the total weight of the composition, and in particular between 8 and35%.

The compositions according to the invention possess a pH generallybetween 2 and 9, and more particularly between 3 and 8.

The aqueous medium of the compositions is composed either of water or ofa mixture of water and cosmetically acceptable solvents chosen fromlower alcohols, alkylene glycols and glycol ethers.

The compositions according to the invention may also contain viscosityregulating agents, for example electrolytes such as sodium chloride orsodium xylene-sulphonate, hydrotropic agents, thickeners such ascellulose derivatives, guar gum, hydroxypropylated guar gums.

These viscosity regulating agents are used in proportions ranging up to10% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition, andpreferably less than 5%.

The compositions conforming to the invention may optionally contain, inaddition, other agents, provided that they do not alter the stability ofthe compositions, such as cationic surface-active agents, polymers orquaternised or nonquaternised proteins, silicone oils, waxes, resins orgum.

The polymers, cationic surface-active agents and quaternised ornonquaternised proteins, and the silicones, are used in the cosmetic ordermatological compositions according to the invention in proportions ofbetween 0.05 and 6%, and preferably between 0.1 and 3% relative to thetotal weight of the composition.

The compositions according to the invention may also contain variousadjuvants normally used in cosmetics, such as perfumes, preservatives,sequestering agents, foam stabilisers, propelling agents, colourants,acidifying or alkalinising agents or other adjuvants depending on theuse envisaged.

The dermatological compositions in addition contain a substance which isactive in the treatment of dermatological disorders.

The methods of washing and/or conditioning the hair or the skin consistin applying to them a composition as defined above, this applicationbeing followed by rinsing.

The compositions conforming to the invention may also be used as showergels for washing the hair and the skin, in which case they are appliedto wet skin and wet hair and are rinsed after application.

The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention without,however, being of a restrictive nature.

EXAMPLE 1

    ______________________________________    Polyoxyethylenated ether carboxylic acid                             8.0      g AS    of formula RO(C.sub.2 H.sub.4 O).sub.1 CH.sub.2 COOH where R =    C.sub.12 -C.sub.14  alkyl and 1 = 4.5, sold by CHEM'Y    under the name AKYPO RLM 45, containing    90% of active substance (AS)    "Cocoamphocarboxyglycinate" (CTFA, 3rd                             4.0      g AS    edition, 1982) sold under the name    MIRANOL C2M Conc. by MIRANOL in aqueous    solution containing 38% of active    substance (AS)    Oxyethylenated propylene glycol oleate                             2.0      g    containing 55 mol of ethylene oxide    esterified with oleic acid, sold under    the name ANTIL 141 LIQUID by    GOLDSCHMIDT    Heptamethylnonane sold under the name                             1.0      g    ARLAMOL HD by ICI (of the formula (I)    where n = 3)    Preservatives, perfumes, colourants qs    Water                    qs 100.0 g    HCl                      qs pH 7.2    ______________________________________

This composition is used as shampoo for washing the hair.

EXAMPLE 2

The following composition is prepared:

    ______________________________________    Alkylpolyglycoside sold by HORIZON                            12.5     g AS    CHEMICAL under the name APG 300 in a    solution containing 50% of active    substance (AS)    Ammonium lauryl sulphate                            5.0      g    (C.sub.13 -C.sub.15  alkyl)oxydiethoxymethyl-                            3.0      g    monoethanolamide sold under the name    AMINOL A15 by CHEM'Y    Isohexadecane (of the formula (I)                            3.0      g    where n = 3) sold under the name    PERMETHYL 101 A by PRESPERSE INC    Preservatives, perfumes qs    Water                   qs 100.0 g    HCl                     qs pH 6.5    ______________________________________

This composition is used as shampoo for washing the hair.

EXAMPLE 3

The following composition is prepared:

    ______________________________________    Polyoxyethylenated ether carboxylic acid                             5.0      g AS    of formula RO(C.sub.2 H.sub.4 O).sub.1 CH.sub.2 COOH where R =    C.sub.12 -C.sub.14  alkyl and 1 = 2.5 sold under the    name AKYPO RLM 25 by CHEM'Y containing 90%    of active substance (AS)    Iso-octahexacontane (of the formula (I)                             0.15     g    where n = 16) sold under the name    PERMETHYL 104 A by PRESPERSE INC    Isohexadecane (of the formula (I)                             0.2      g    where n = 3) sold under the name    PERMETHYL 101 A by PRESPERSE INC    Ammonium lauryl sulphate 6.0      g    Na lauryl sarcosinate sold under the                             5.0      g AS    name ORAMIX L30 by SEPPIC containing    30% of active substance (AS)    PEG 6000 distearate      2.0      g    Preservatives, perfumes  qs    Water                    qs 100.0 g    HCl                      qs pH 5    ______________________________________

This composition is used as shampoo for washing the hair.

EXAMPLE 4

The following composition is prepared:

    ______________________________________    Scleroglucan sold under the name                             1.0      g AS    ACTIGUM CS 11 by SANOFI BIO INDUSTRIES    containing 90% of AS    Triethanolamine lauryl sulphate                             10.0     g    Lauryl betaine sold under the name                             2.0      g AS    DEHYTON AB 30 by HENKEL in an aqueous    solution containing 32% of AS    Heptamethylnonane (of formula (I)                             1.0      g    where n = 3) sold under the name    ARLAMOL HD by ICI    Preservatives, perfumes  qs    Water                    qs 100.0 g    NaOH                     qs pH 7.1    ______________________________________

This composition is used as shampoo for washing the hair.

EXAMPLE 5

The following composition is prepared:

    ______________________________________    Triethanolamine lauryl sulphate                            15.0     g    Xanthan gum sold under the name                            0.5      g    KELTROL T by KELCO    Sodium chloride         2.0      g    N-Cetylpyridinium chloride, monohydrate                            1.0      g    Isoeicosane (of formula (I) where n = 4)                            2.5      g    sold under the name PERMETHYL 102 A by    PRESPERSE INC    Iso-octahexacontane sold under the name                            0.7      g    PERMETHYL 104 A by PRESPERSE INC    preservatives, perfumes qs    Water                   qs 100.0 g    NaOH                    qs pH 7    ______________________________________

This composition is used as shampoo for washing the hair.

EXAMPLE 6

The following composition is prepared:

    ______________________________________    Oxyethylenated sodium lauryl ether                           10.0     g    sulphate containing 2.2 mol of ethylene    oxide    Ammonium lauryl sulphate                           8.0      g    Ethylene glycol C.sub.16 -C.sub.18  diester    (30 to 70 by weight)   2.0      g    Copra acid monoisopropanolamide                           2.2      g    Sodium chloride        2.5      g    Heptamethylnonane (of formula (I) where    n = 3) sold under the name ARLAMOL HD    by ICI                 1.0      g    Behenyltrimethylammonium chloride                           0.5      g    Preservatives, perfumes                           qs    Water                  qs 100.0 g    HCl                    qs pH 6    ______________________________________

This composition is used as shampoo for washing the hair.

EXAMPLE 7

The following composition is prepared:

    ______________________________________    Polyoxyethylenated ether carboxylic acid                            10.0     g AS    of formula RO(C.sub.2 H.sub.4 O).sub.1 CH.sub.2 COOH where R =    C.sub.12 -C.sub.14  alkyl and 1 = 4.5 sold at 90%    of active substance (AS) under the name    RLM 45 by CHEM'Y    "Cocoamphocarboxyglycinate" (CTFA, 3rd                            6.0      g AS    edition, 1982) sold under the name    MIRANOL C2M Conc. by MIRANOL in an    aqueous solution containing 38% of    active substance (AS)    Dimethylstearylamine oxide sold at                            1.5      g AS    25% of active substance under the name    AMMONYX SO by ONYX    Isoeicosane (of formula (I) where                            3.5      g    n = 4) sold under the name PERMETHYL    102 A by PRESPERSE INC    Preservatives, perfumes qs    Water                   qs 100.0 g    HCl                     qs pH 7    ______________________________________

This composition is used as shampoo for washing the hair.

EXAMPLE 8

The following composition is prepared:

    ______________________________________    Oxyethylenated sodium lauryl ether sulphate                            12.0     g    containing 2.2 mol of ethylene oxide    Sodium alpha-olefin sulphonate                            5.0      g    Copra monoisopropanolamide                            2.2      g    Sodium cetostearylsulphate (C.sub.16 -C.sub.18  50/50)                            1.5      g    Sodium chloride         2.0      g    Heptamethylnonane (of formula (I) where                            0.8      g    n = 3) sold under the name ARLAMOL HD by    ICI    Preservatives, perfumes qs    Water                   qs 100.0 g    NaOH                    qs pH 6.5    ______________________________________

This composition is used as shampoo for washing the hair.

EXAMPLE 9

The following composition is prepared:

    ______________________________________    (C.sub.12 -C.sub.14  alkyl)polyglycoside (containing a                            35.0     g AS    mean glycoside number equal to 1.4) sold    under the name TRITON CG 312 by SEPPIC    Mixture of copra fatty acid monoethanol-                            5.0      g    amide and glycerol sold under the name    AMINOL CH by FINETEX    Glycol distearate       5.0      g    Isohexapentacontahectane (compound of                            0.5      g    formula (II) where m = 38)    Isododecane (compound of formula (I)                            2.0      g    where n = 2)    Preservatives, perfumes, colourants                            qs    Water                   qs 100.0 g    ______________________________________

The pH is adjusted to 6 with triethanolamine.

This composition is used as shower gel.

EXAMPLE 10

The following composition is prepared:

    ______________________________________    Triethanolamine (C.sub.12 -C.sub.14  alkyl) sulphate in                            12.0     g AS    an aqueous solution containing 40% of AS,    sold under the name EMPICOL TL 40/FL by    MARCHON    Xanthan gum sold under the name KELTROL T                            2.0      g    by KELCO    Glycol distearate       2.5      g    Heptamethylnonane (compound of formula                            5.0      g    (I) where n = 3)    Preservatives, perfumes, colourants                            qs    Water                   qs 100.0 g    ______________________________________

The pH is adjusted to 7 with triethanolamine.

This composition is used as shampoo.

EXAMPLE 11

The following composition is prepared:

    ______________________________________    (C.sub.12 -C.sub.14  alkyl)ether carboxylic acid                            10.0     g AS    containing 4.5 mol of ethylene oxide    sold under the name AKYPO RLM 45 by    LAMBERT RIVIERE    Mixture of cocoylaminopropylbetaine                            5.0      g AS    and glycerol monolaurate in an aqueous    solution containing 35% of AS, sold    under the name TEGO BETAINE HS by    GOLDSCHMIDT    Sodium C.sub.14 -C.sub.16  alpha-olefin sulphonate                            5.0      g    sold under the name WITCONATE AOS by    WITCO    Oxyethylenated propylene glycol oleate                            2.0      g    containing 55 mol of ethylene oxide and    esterified by oleic acid, sold under the    name ANTIL 141 LIQUID by GOLDSCHMIDT    Isoeicosane (compound of formula (I)                            0.05     g    where n = 4))    Preservatives, perfumes, colourants                            qs    Water                   qs 100.0 g    ______________________________________

The pH is adjusted to 6 with triethanolamine.

This composition is used as shower gel.

EXAMPLE 12

The following composition is prepared:

    ______________________________________    Sodium lauryl ether sulphate sold under                            12.0     g AS    the name EMPICOL ESB/3FL by MARCHON    Cocoylbetaine in an aqueous solution                            5.0      g AS    containing 32% of AS    Copra fatty acid monoisopropanolamine                            4.5      g    sold under the name EMPILAN CIS by    MARCHON    Glycol distearate       3.0      g    Isohexadecane (compound of formula (I)                            10.0     g    where n = 3)    Preservatives, perfumes, colourants                            qs    Water                   qs 100.0 g    ______________________________________

The pH is adjusted to 6 with hydrochloric acid.

This composition is used as shampoo.

We claim:
 1. A composition for washing and conditioning keratinousmaterials consisting essentially of in an aqueous medium:(A) at leastone synthetic oil in proportions sufficient to confer softness and sheento the keratinous materials selected from the group consisting of:(i)the isoparaffins of structure (I): ##STR7## where n is between 2 and 16inclusive; and (ii) a mixture of the isoparaffins of formula (I) withthe isoparaffins of formula (II): ##STR8## where m is not less than 18;the capillary viscosity of the oils defined under i) and ii) being lessthan 500 cP.s; (B) an agent for suspending the oil defined in (A) inproportions sufficient to suspend the oil selected from the groupconsisting of:(i) the compounds of formula:

    R--X                                                       (III)

in which: a) R is a C₁₁ -C₂₁ alkyl or alkenyl radical and X is a COOAgroup where A is a mono- or polyhydroxyalkyl radical derived from a C₂-C₃ polyol or a radical CH₂ CH₂ SO₃ M; a group CO(OCH₂ CH₂)_(k) OH wherek has a value of between 2 and 150; a group ##STR9## where k has a valueof between 2 and 150 b) R denotes a radical R₃ O(C₂ H₄ O)₁ CH₂ in whichR₃ denotes a C₁₂ -C₁₆ alkyl group and X a group CONR₁ R₂ in which R₁ andR₂ represent hydrogen or C₁ -C₄ hydroxyalkyl, at least one of R₁ and R₂representing C₁ -C₄ hydroxyalkyl and 1 has a value of 1 to 3 inclusive;C) a surface-active agent possessing detergent properties present inproportions sufficient to confer detergent properties to the compositionselected from the group consisting of:(i) anionic surface active agentswhich are alkali metal salts, ammonium salts, amine salts, aminoalcoholsalts or magnesium salts of alkyl ether sulphates, alkyl amidoethersulphates, alkyl aryl polyether sulphates, monoglyceride sulphates;alkyl sulphonates, alkyl amide sulphonates, alkyl aryl sulphonates,olefin sulphonates, paraffin sulphonates; alkyl sulphosuccinates, alkylether sulphosuccinates, alkyl amide sulphosuccinates; alkylsulphosuccinamates; alkyl sulphoacetates; alkyl ether phosphates; acylsarcosinates, and N-acyltaurates, the alkyl or acyl radical of thesecompounds being composed of a carbon chain containing 12 to 20 carbonatoms; alkyl sulphates and alkyl phosphates whose alkyl radical contains12 to 14 carbon atoms; fatty acid salts; copra oil or hydrogenated copraoil acids; or acyl lactylates, whose acyl radical contains 8 to 20carbon atoms; (ii) non-ionic surface active agents which arepolyethoxy-lated, polypropoxylated or polyglycerolated alcohols orα-diols or alkylphenols or fatty acids with a fatty chain containing 8to 18 carbon atoms, the number of ethylene oxide or propylene oxidegroups being between 2 and 50 and the number of glycerol groups beingbetween 2 and 30; copolymers of ethylene and propylene oxides;condensates of ethylene and propylene oxides with fatty alcohols;polyglycerolated fatty amides containing 1 to 5 glycerol groups;polyethoxylated fatty amines; oxyethylenated sorbitan fatty acid estershaving 2 to 30 mol of ethylene oxide; sucrose fatty acid esters, (C₈-C₁₈ alkyl)polyglycosides, (C₁₀ -₁₄ alkyl)amine oxides orN-acylamidopropyl-morpholine; and(iii) amphoteric or zwitterionicsurface active agents.
 2. Composition according to claim 1,characterised in that the synthetic oils are selected from the groupconsisting of oils of formula (I), in which n is equal to 2, 3, 4 or 16,and from mixtures of these oils with a synthetic oil of formula (II) inwhich m is equal to
 38. 3. Composition according to claim 1,characterised in that the compounds of formula RX are selected from thegroup consisting of those in which:(i) R is a C₁₁ -C₂₁ alkyl or alkenylradical and X isa COOA group where A is a mono- or polyhydroxyalkylradical derived from a C₂ -C₃ polyol or a radical CH₂ CH₂ SO₃ M; a groupCO(OCH₂ CH₂)_(k) OH where k has a value of between 2 and 150; ##STR10##where k has a value of between 2 and 150, it being possible for the freeOH functional groups of the groups defined above to be esterified by anacid RCOOH where R is a C₁₁ -C₂₁ alkyl or alkenyl; a group CONR₁ R₂where R₁ and R₂ represent hydrogen or C₁ -C₄ hydroxyalkyl, at least onerepresenting C₁ -C₄ hydroxyalkyl; a group OSO₃ M or 1/3 PO₄ ³ --M₃ whereM represents an alkali metal, ammonium or a C₁ -C₄ alkanolamine residue;and (ii) R denotes a radical R₃ O(C₂ H₄ O) CH₂ and X denotes a groupCOOM where M has the meaning given above, R₃ denoted a C₁₂ -C₁₄ alkylradical and p is an integer or a decimal between 2.5 and 10, oralternatively R₃ denotes oleyl and p ranges from 2 to 9 or alternativelyR₃ denotes (C₈ -C₉ alkyl)phenyl and p ranges from 4 to 8, or thederivatives in which R₃ denotes a C₁₂ -C₁₆ alkyl group and X a groupCONR₁ R₂, in which R₁ and R₂ have the same meaning as that given aboveand p has a value of 1 to 3 inclusive.
 4. Composition according to claim1, characterised in that the oil suspending agent is esters of C₁₂ -C₂₂fatty acids and C₂ -C₃ polyols selected from the group consisting ofethylene glycol, propylene glycol and glycerol myristates, palmitatesand stearates.
 5. Composition according to claim 4, characterised inthat the esters of fatty acids and polyols are selected from the groupconsisting of ethylene glycol mono- and distearate, and glycerol mono-and di- and tristearate.
 6. Composition according to claim 1,characterised in that the oil suspending agent is C₁₂ -C₂₂ fatty acidalkanolamides selected from the group consisting of copra and stearicdiethanolamide, copra and stearic monoethanolamide, and copra andstearic monoisopropanolamide.
 7. Composition according to claim 1,characterised in that the suspending agent is an alkanolamide alkylether selected from the group consisting of (C₁₃ -C₁₅alkyl)oxydiethoxymethylmonoethanolamides.
 8. Composition according toclaim 1, wherein the compounds of formula: ##STR11## are selected fromthe group consisting of polyethylene glycol stearates having 1 to 150ethoxy units; and the esters of polyoxyethylenated and esterified propylglycol and C₁₆ -C₂₂ fatty acids are selected from the group consistingof compounds containing 4 to 100 ethoxy units.
 9. Composition accordingto claim 1, characterised in that the compound of formula RX arepolyoxyethylenated ether carboxylic acids selected from the groupconsisting of the compounds of formula R₃ O (C₂ H₄ O)_(D) CH₂ COOM, inwhich M represents an alkali metal, ammonium or a C₁ -C₄ alkanolamineresidue and in which R₃ represents a C₁₂ -C₁₄ alkyl chain and p denotes2.5; 3.8; 4.5 or 10, or alternatively in which R₃ denotes oleyl and p isequal to 5, or alternatively mixtures of compounds in which R₃ denotesoleyl and p has the values 2 and 9, or alternatively where R₃ denotesnonylphenyl and p has the values 4 and 7, or alternatively R₃ representsoctylphenyl and p has the values 4 and
 8. 10. Composition according toclaim 1, characterised in that the detergent surface-active agents areselected from the group consisting of anionic, amphoteric, zwitterionicand nonionic surface-active agents and mixtures thereof.
 11. Compositionaccording to claim 10, characterised in that the amphoteric andzwitterionic surface-active agents are selected from the groupconsisting of the aliphatic secondary and tertiary amine derivatives inwhich the aliphatic radical is a linear or branched chain containing 8to 18 carbon atoms and which contains at least one anionicwater-solubilising carboxylate, sulphonate, sulphate, phosphate orphosphonate group; (C₈ -C₂₀ alkyl)betaines, sulphobetaines, (C₈ -C₂₀alkyl)amido (C₁ -C₆ alkyl)betaines or (C₈ -C₂₀ alkyl)amido(C₁ -C₆alkyl)sulphobetaines.
 12. Composition according to claim 1,characterised in that the oil is present in the compositions inproportions of between 0.05 and 20% by weight relative to the totalweight of the composition.
 13. Composition according to claim 1,characterised in that the suspending agents are present in proportionsof between 0.1 and 20% by weight relative to the total weight of thecomposition.
 14. Composition according to claim 1, characterised in thatthe surface-active agents are present in a proportion sufficient toconfer a detergent character on the composition.
 15. Compositionaccording to claim 14, characterised in that the surface-active agentsare present in proportions of between 5 and 50 % by weight relative tothe total weight of the composition.
 16. Composition according to claim1 characterised in that the pH is between 2 and
 9. 17. Compositionaccording to claim 1, characterised in that the aqueous medium iscomposed of water or a mixture of water and a cosmetically acceptablesolvent selected from the group consisting of lower alcohols, alkyleneglycols and glycol ethers.
 18. Composition according to claim 1,characterised in that the composition in addition contains viscosityregulating agents selected from the group consisting of electrolytes,hydrotropic agents and thickening agents present in proportions whichmay range up to 10% by weight relative to the total weight of thecomposition.
 19. Composition according to claim 1, characterised in thatit further consists essentially of in addition to components (b) and (c)one or more adjuvants selected from the group consisting of cationicsurface-active agents, polymers, optionally quaternised proteins, asilicone oil, wax, resin and gum.
 20. Composition according to claim 1,characterised in that it contains various cosmetically acceptableadjuvants selected from the group consisting of perfumes, preservatives,sequestering agents, foam synergists, foam stabilisers, acidifying andalkalinising agents.
 21. Composition according to claim 1, characterizedin that m is between 18 and
 40. 22. Composition according to claim 13,characterized in that the oil is present in the composition inproportions of between 0.1 and 10% by weight relative to the totalweight of the composition.
 23. Composition according to claim 13,characterized in that the suspending agents are present in proportionsof between 0.5 and 10% by weight relative to the total weight of thecomposition.
 24. Composition according to claim 14, characterized inthat the surface-active agents are present in proportions of between 8and 35% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition. 25.Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the pH isbetween 3 and
 8. 26. The composition as defined in claim 1 in the formof a shower gel.